Today, the most common way used to warm the house is the insulation for plaster. In addition to saving thermal energy in the house, it increases the life of the building, reduces the costs of house maintenance and prevents the corrosion of reinforcement in the walls of concrete.
Types of wall insulation for walls
Application of heat plaster UMKA — video
The main heat leak in buildings is performed through the walls. The insulation significantly reduces the necessary thickness of the walls, while maintains the general thermal conductivity of the structure, at the same time reduces the load on the foundation. Therefore, when warming the walls, a decrease in the cost of construction is ensured.
Thermal insulation of the premises can be performed using different materials. They are divided according to physical characteristics (wear resistance, hardness, density, weight) and on the material (polystyrene, foam glass, mineral or slag cotton wool, fiberglass, basalt slabs and other materials).
Characterization of War insulation
The video presents tips on insulation of the basement and the basement of the house
For insulation of facades, followed by plastering, the following materials are used:
Mineral wool, it is made from waste of metallurgical toxins. Its distinguishing feature is high vapor permeability, non -combustibility, low biological and chemical interaction with foreign substances. As a result, with the interaction of mineral wool with bacteria and fungi, it does not rot. Solid and semi -hard slabs are produced from mineral wool. They are made both lamella — the fibers are located perpendicular and simple.
Polystyrene, is made from waste products, this is the cheapest insulation. The higher its density, the thermal conductivity is lower and the stronger the material. It has excellent thermal insulation properties, but not sufficiently fireproof and has no resistance to mechanical influences. When burning, it forms toxic caustic smoke, which is especially dangerous when using buildings inside when warming. To increase fire safety when warming the house, special separations of mineral wool are used. It is more convenient and easier to work with polystyrene stoves, it is easily cut and polished, complex architectural elements, such as pilasters, platbands, cornices, can be performed on the facades. As for extruded polystyrene foam — when using it, the house should be equipped with high -rental supply and exhaust ventilation.
Basalt slabs are made on the basis of a super -thin basalt fiber. As a binder, bentonite clay is used. This material is characterized by excellent sound — and thermal insulation qualities; has a high density; fire -resistant, non -combustible, fireproof; does not absorb moisture, does not contain the binders of the phenol series; resistant to deformation; It has excellent vapor permeability.
Foam glass — universal thermal insulation material. Characterized by simplicity of installation, unsaturation, durability, low density, high strength and ease of processing. Retains its qualities for the entire period of operation of the object. Foam glass, in addition to thermal insulation qualities, has excellent waterproofing properties that make it indispensable material when warming the foundations.
Wall insulation for plaster — how to do it
Mineral wool lamps are ideal for insulation of uneven surfaces, as well as brick walls. The surface of cell concrete is preferable to warm with two -layer mineral wool, which on one side has a hard surface, and on the other is a milder. Put it to the wall with the soft side, as a result of which all the irregularities of the house will be tightly filled. When using mineral wool for external insulation of the house, the finish is carried out by polymer plasters made on silicate or silicone base, as well as mineral mixtures. These plasters have high conductivity of water vapor.
When the insulation for walls for plaster is mounted on the surface, we reinforce it. We fix the reinforcing mesh with a special plastic mount. We screw the fastener into the load -bearing wall, and fix the mesh and insulation on the surface with a hat. After the wall reinforcement is completed, the stucco of the facade for the insulation begins.
The plaster in the insulation is as simple as the usual. To obtain an impeccably flat surface on the wall, we mount plastering beacons. After which, along the entire wall from the bottom up, we systematically apply the working solution systematically. If the thickness of the plaster is more than 15 mm, then the working mortar is reached in two stages. Immediately, we mark the solution on the wall so that its level of about 10 mm does not reach the crest of the lighthouses, then we level it with a half -terrible.
After hardening the first layer of the working solution, we take to the final application of the plaster. We mark the solution with a slight excess and level it with the rule, which with its ends we rest on the beacon profiles. The tool must be moved from the bottom up, constantly shaking it slightly to the sides, without separating it from the lighthouses. The solution cut off by the rule is returned to the container. After passage throughout the site, the resulting hollows and sinks are thrown by the mixture and pass by the rule.
In order for the upper layers of plaster to have a good base and do not swim in the process, plastering must begin to start from the bottom and complete at the top.