Stoves used not only for heating, but also for cooking — perhaps one of the most popular types of furnaces in the history of mankind, with a huge number of masonry options, spreading and the presence of additional functions. Is it possible to take a heating of brick -maker stoves with your own hands? It is definitely possible — of course, as if observing the step -by -step technology of construction and attentive to drawings. It should be noted that the brick -in -heating stoves are hobs, the schemes and enforcements of which are not much more complex than that of traditional furnaces, there are very decent sizes (up to two -story options), and very small (a vivid example is the pounding stove of the baby, the guess in the standard. 31 row is combined with a very small base area). In this regard, speaking of the furnaces of this class, it makes sense to begin with their constructive features and operational advantages in general.
Design
Whatever the heating cookies made of brick, their projects necessarily contain several main elements.
Foundation. Under no circumstances is part of the general foundation of the house and does not bandage with it, since the specific pressure of the stoves on the horizontal surface diverges from the same. The exception is only small furnaces (as the already mentioned options for “babies”) or stove-stone stoves whose weight does not exceed 700 kg. It is enough for them to be laid under the stove “under” a solid even surface, the role of which can be played, for example, cooked corners filled together, filled in the upper gang with bricks.
Waterproofing layer. In this they do not differ from any other types of furnaces — a hob from bricks with their own hands begins to fit only on a few sheets of roofing material or other, similar in waterproof qualities of the material.
«Under» (or stove base). Any order of heating the hob begins with laying 2-3 bandaged rows without gaps.
The ash blocked and the ash. There are also no special differences in comparison with other wood stoves or fireplaces-a heating stove with your own hands provides for the arrangement of these elements from the 2nd or 3rd row, after which the grate is mounted for masonry over them.
Top. Of course, not a single stove will do without it — but, unlike traditional options, if it is the heating — hob of brick stoves, their ordering includes a little on the side (or a little higher) also of the hob, and in a number of projects — And the oven.
Chimney. This is the first difference — the hob of the furnace — directly connected with the second, namely, with a more complex design of chimneys. The reason for this is that the heating -hob (with your own hands is an ordering and laying chimney channels in it — real art) should not evenly heat up throughout its area at moments of cooking, especially in the warm season. This can only be achieved by creating a fairly complicated configuration of the system (with jumpers, caps and many knees), in which combustion products accumulate the maximum amount of heat precisely under the hob. But an additional “bonus” of such excessive complexity is high efficiency and effectiveness of the stove.
Building materials and factory elements
These include:
Brick — the bulk of the mass, 90% or more, is red, full -bodied (refractory is used only at the base of the stove for cooking and around the combatant).
Solution-made of clay-sand mixture (cement is used only when pouring the foundation-if necessary). The clay should be fat enough and carefully cleansed of impurities, as well as sand.
A set of various doors, valves, a grate, a boot for cooking, an oven — all these elements are preferable to choose cast iron. The use of steel is undesirable for two reasons — it burns out much faster and does not have a high heat capacity.
Waterproofing material — the most simple and cheap solution is a regular roofing material.
Installation
It is carried out strictly according to the schemes of the sampling (the most simple and fast in the masonry, at the same time, are mini-strokes, and the most complex are two-story options and such a modification of the traditional Russian stove, like a stove with a stove and a hob, the order of which requires at least preliminary consultation with an experienced stove ).
An important detail is the principle of installation of all metal elements, since when heated, their temperature reaches very high values and the metal begins to expand. For this reason, along the perimeter of such parts, compensating gaps of 0.5-1 cm are always left, as a rule, laid out by refractory non-combustible insulating materials (for example, asbestos cord). In addition, metal steel corners, a special furnace tape and/or wire are used — employees to strengthen the doors and are excreted by the free ends under the bricks of the corresponding row.
Security measures
Require heating hobs made of brick and compliance with mandatory safety measures. For example, the floor in front of the furnace door is covered with a square of roofing iron (in order to avoid hinge and coal). P — chimney when passing through the ceilings and walls are separated from them with special boxes filled with heat -insulating materials (for example, basalt wool) — and, according to SNiP, the distance between combustible structures and hot fractions in the chimney should not be less than half a meter.